There are also biological aspects of environmental monitoring methods. I personally understand that biology is mainly a physical and chemical reaction, which is mainly a chemical reaction in the body, but these reactions are mainly catalyzed by various enzymes in the body to generate various substances. There are also requirements for the reaction conditions. It's just that these reactions are basically reactions in the organism, so a relatively complete system is formed.

The principle, classification, advantages and disadvantages and applications of biological analysis and molecular biological testing.

Biological analysis method is the most direct method to judge the environmental quality by using various reflection information produced by plants and animals in the polluted environment. Its advantages are: it can directly reflect the comprehensive effect of environmental quality on the ecosystem; the analysis cost is low; it can be densely distributed in a large area; it is highly specific. However, the biological process is extremely complex, and there are many influencing factors (both environmental pollution factors and non-environmental pollution factors), so the results are not comparable and the application is subject to many restrictions. Molecular biology testing methods include enzyme analysis, immunoassay, nucleic acid molecular hybridization technology, polymerase chain reaction technology (PCR), biosensors and biochips. Enzymatic analysis is the use of enzyme-catalyzed reactions to determine the content of pollutants: the principle of immunoassay is based on molecular recognition, so it has the characteristics of strong specificity, high sensitivity, simplicity, rapidity and low price. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been widely used for on-site rapid initial analysis in the screening phase of trace organic pollutants. Molecular biology techniques can be used to detect heterogeneous gene fragments of pathogens. Currently, the commonly used methods include nucleic acid molecular hybridization technology. And PCR technology, nucleic acid molecular hybridization technology is based on the principle of base complementation, using known specific DNA oligonucleotides or DNA fragments of a certain length as probes to detect whether there are corresponding DNA fragments in the sample under certain conditions. Commonly used methods include Southern hybridization to detect DNA, Northern hybridization to detect RNA, and in situ hybridization. PCR is a molecular biology technique that amplifies a gene or its fragment millions of times in vitro over several hours. It is fast and sensitive. It has the characteristics of strong specificity and is widely used in the inspection of various pathogenic organisms. Its disadvantage is that it cannot distinguish the life and death of pathogenic organisms, and it is prone to false positives. The use of nucleic acid molecular hybridization, PCR and other molecular biology techniques can reach lower detection limits when analyzing pathogenic microorganisms in the environment.

Bioanalysis is developed on the basis of biotechnology, mainly based on the life sciences, combined with the scientific principles of other basic sciences, using scientific means to transform organisms or process biological materials in accordance with pre-designed, and produce products for humans. The product is required to achieve a certain purpose. It mainly includes fermentation technology and modern biotechnology. I also hope that biotechnology can help scientific progress and development.